Thesis
Published
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF COMBINATION OF CALABASH EXTRACT (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.) AND MULTIFLORA HONEY AGAINST Salmonella typhi IN VITRO
Abstract
Typhoid fever is a systemic infectious disease characterized by fever and headache that lasts
for approximately 3 weeks and is accompanied by symptoms of stomachache, enlarged spleen, and
skin eruption caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria. The calabash (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina)
Standl.) and multiflora honey are two natural ingredients that have been utilized by the community
to treat typhoid (typhoid fever). Calabash and multiflora honey have been tested to have antibacterial
properties, especially against the Salmonella typhi bacterium which is a major cause of typhoid
fever. Calabash is thought to be able to inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhi in the presence of
saponin compounds, steroids, and polyphenols. Meanwhile, multiflora honey is thought to be able
to inhibit bacteria with its three systems there are acidity, osmotic pressure and substrate inhibitors
(flavonoids). With the development of science and technology, combination therapy began to be
applied for the treatment of diseases caused by bacterial infections. Interactions that will result from
antibacterial combinations can be antagonistic, additive or synergic.
The aim of this study was to determine secondary metabolite compounds contained in calabash
(Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.) and multiflora honey as well as the combined activity of
both in inhibiting the growth of Salmonella typhi bacteria through in vitro. This research was an
experimental laboratory study with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5
variations of combination concentrations there were 100%:0% v/v, 75%:25% v/v, 50%:50% v/v,
25%:75% v/v, and 0%:100% v/v and chloramphenicol as positive control and distilled water as
negative control using disk diffusion method with 4 repetitions. The results of this study indicate
that the calabash extract contain secondary metabolites of saponins and polyphenols, while honey
multiflora does not contain any secondary metabolite compounds. Antibacterial test results on a
combination of calabash extract (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.) and multiflora honey with
a concentration of 100%:0% v/v, 75%:25% v/v, 50%:50% v/v , 25%:75% v/v, and 0%:100% v/v
showed activity in inhibiting the growth of Salmonella typhi through in vitro with each inhibition
zone diameter of 17.11; 18,31; 20.03; 19.18; and 20.13 mm in a row. The most active concentration
of a combination of calabash extract (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.) and multiflora honey in
inhibiting the growth of Salmonella typhi was a concentration of 0%:100% v/v with inhibition zone
diameter of 20.13 mm.
Publication Details
InstitutionUNIVERSITAS DARUSSALAM GONTOR
DepartmentFARMASI
Item ID2431
Deposited27 Mar 2023 04:20