The scholarship of the Qur'an in the West has recently undergone significant change, particularly with the emergence of Angelika Neuwirth's research, which introduces a novel approach to Qur'anic interpretation. This shift is important as it addresses the challenges of understanding the Qur'an's interaction with other religious traditions and the need to broaden interpretive perspectives in a modern context. This study aims to explore and analyze Angelika Neuwirth's thoughts on Qur'anic interpretation and to critique her approach, which employs literary and historical methods. To achieve this objective, the study adopts a content analysis and thematic exegesis (mawḍū’i) approach through library research. Analysis is conducted on the key concepts in Neuwirth’s works and compared with Islamic literature, along with intertextual studies to uncover contextual understanding. The findings show that Neuwirth applies literary and historical critique through a microstructural analysis of the surahs, aiming to reveal contextual understanding. She deconstructs the Qur'an’s status to enable its examination in a literal and historical manner. In her view, the Qur'an is seen as a cultural product (muntaj tsaqafi) interacting with pre-Islamic Arab and European civilizations. Neuwirth’s method is regarded as a development in the hermeneutics of the Qur'an, with implications for interpretative shifts in tone and meaning, although it remains limited by a Biblical perspective. Neuwirth's thoughts have had a significant impact on Qur'anic studies, encouraging researchers to consider the literary and historical context when analyzing the sacred text. This approach leads to a richer and more multidimensional understanding of the Qur'an and inspires interfaith and intercultural dialogue. The researcher hopes for further studies that undertake an analytical exegesis of Qur'anic surahs that were beyond the scope of this study, given that Neuwirth’s microstructural analysis is limited to early Meccan surahs.