Quluq, Fadilla Makharimul (2025) QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF HYDROQUINONE LEVELS IN WHITENING LOTION USING HPLC METHOD. S1 Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Darussalam Gontor.

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Abstract

In Indonesia, beauty standards are often associated with fair and clear skin, leading to a high demand for skin-whitening products. One of the active ingredients commonly used in skin-whitening products is hydroquinone. However, the use of hydroquinone in cosmetics has been restricted by the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM) due to its potential side effects, including skin irritation, tissue damage, and carcinogenic risks. BPOM Regulation No. 23 of 2019, prohibits the use of hydroquinone in cosmetics, except for a nail polish ingredient with a maximum concentration of 0.02%. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the hydroquinone content in commercially available whitening lotions using the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method. The study employs both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Qualitative analysis was conducted using color reaction tests with 1% FeCl3 and Benedict’s solution and Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) to confirm the presence of hydroquinone. Quantitative analysis was performed using HPLC with a mobile phase of methanol and distilled water (45:55), a C18 column, a detection wavelength of 295 nm, and a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The results showed that all whitening lotion samples tested negative for hydroquinone qualitatively, as evidenced by the color reaction tests and TLC analysis. Quantitative analysis using HPLC revealed that the samples contained 0,01675% or 0,67 ppm hydroquinone levels. This study proves that the whitening lotion products that are tested positive contain hydroquinone. The study concludes that HPLC is an effective method for detecting and measuring hydroquinone levels in cosmetics. It also plays a role in cosmetic regulation and monitoring in Indonesia, offering essential information that helps consumers make safer choices when selecting cosmetic products.

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