Thesis
Published
Theory of Truth in Epistemology of Kant and Suhrawardi
Abstract
Epistemological truth and religious truth is a two different thing; as fundamental
issues in epistemology, epistemological truth to be sure is result of human achievement
built in a form of theory, while religious truth is gift from God, moreover, it has been His
attribute that must to be penetrated and believed in. Truth in epistemology may be
different with truth in religion, although is not certainly be in contradiction. In such this
framework of thought, this thesis intended to explore theory of truth in epistemology of
Kant and Suhrawardi. Immanuel Kant is Philosopher in a German Idealism age,
meanwhile Suhrawardi is a Theosophist-Philosopher who very intelligently arise Islamic
Philosophy in age of Caliph of Şalāh al-Dîn al-Ayyübi. It will be two purpose of this
thesis at least, understanding distinctive feature of Suhrawardi and Kant's theory of truth
and contribution springs from this theory.
To reveal these problems, Researcher resort to epistemological approach;
philosophical perspective about knowledge and its way of achievement. Source,
methodology, and validity of knowledge then, as principal problem in epistemology will
be the main study in this thesis. More than just comparing thought of two philosophers,
this thesis involved actively to reconcile two great ideas are born of different traditions.
For this, literature collected will be analyzed in compare and contrast, before combined
with heuristic analysis to get a new case from two meetings.
This study obtain the result, either Kant or Suhrawardi emphasize the importance
of self-consciousness as fundamental principle to achieve truth. This is due to the "selfconsciousness" human is not only reach, appearance of object but also go into reality of
object in themselves/Kamā huwa. Methodically, understanding the reality of the object
can be done with the "Categories" of Kantian or Suhrawardi's accumulation all of its
essence (yajma' jamî'u dhätiyyātihā). However, these equipment of intelligence must be
exceeded to reach reality of metaphysic. Either Suhrawardi or Kant affirmed that two
levels of knowledge is only the first two steps to reach the metaphysical knowledge as
highest hierarchy. Kant's concept of "Transcendental Idea" and Suhrawardi's
Mushähadah and Nür al-Anwar can meet and clarify this metaphysical knowledge one
another. Therefore, epistemological truth is hierarchy of truth as hierarchy of knowledge
as well; knowledge on sensibility is basic knowledge owned by majority of human.
Meanwhile reason is a scientific knowledge possessed by Scientists. Highest knowledge
is knowledge on intellect, as metaphysical knowledge inherited by Metaphysicians,
Theologians, Ulamā, and Hukama. If the process is valid, the epistemological truth
absolutely will deliver us to religious truth, even the truth of God as The Truth in fact.
This study shows us that His Truth is truly a room for other truths in particular. Therefore,
it is not true to put the epistemological truth with religious truth vis a vis. As is not true to
confronting knowledge and religion vis a vis.
Finally, this study is focused on the theory of truth in epistemology. It is to be
sure, there are another side of attractive idea from these philosophers, then the further
study is quite interesting to do. For example of how to regard the theory oftruth as part of
epistemological realm with the truth behaviors included in area of ethical studies.
Publication Details
InstitutionUniversitas Darussalam Gontor
DepartmentAqidah Filsafat Islam
Item ID5522
Deposited20 Feb 2025 02:20