Dwisetyo Widodo, Chandra (2020) THE INTEGRATION OF ISLAM AND SCIENCE ACCORDING TO BADIUZZAMAN SAID NURSI IN ONTOLOGY ASPECT AND ITS APPLICATION IN EDUCATION. S1 Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Darussalam Gontor.

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Abstract

Background Study – Badiuzzaman Sa’id Nursi (1877-1960), a reformer of the 21st century presented his original thoughts on the integration of Islam and Natural Sciences as well as his implementation plan in the field of education, long before this latest issue in the field of Philosophy of Science appeared, discussed by figures after Nursi. His ideas are embodied in the magnum opus; Rasail Nur. Academic problems arise from western civilization which views religion in general and modern science as contradicting each other, even though for Nursi since Islam there has been no dichotomy between the two. On the other hand, at the same time Nursi saw that modern science that came from the west brought a secular ‘flood’ with a deadly ‘virus’ in the form of naturalism and atheism that had spread throughout the body of education. For that, we need modern science that needs to be ‘refined’. Nursi then started from an ontology point, because this aspect is the most fundamental aspect. However, Nursi’s brilliant ideas need to be tested with several authoritative figures who talk about this problem, so that the idea of Nursi’s integration can become a reference in this current issue. Problem and Purpose – Based on these academic problems, this study aims to answer the question; How is Said Nursi’s thinking about the integration of Islam and Science in the ontology aspect? And how does it apply in the field of education? Design/methodology/approach – This research is a literature study with primary sources in the form of Said Nursi’s works collected in Risalah Nur and secondary references in the form of works related to this theme. To build this concept, the author uses the theory of Islamization of Science Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas because this theory is sharp in the ontology problems that this research focuses on. So that the perspective is the philosophy of science. Analyze the data by describing Nursi’s thoughts and analyzing them both by comparing and contrasting with the thoughts of other figures. Findings – The study of the integration of Islam and Science according to Badiuzzaman Said Nursi in the aspect of ontology and its application in education produces conclusions. First, Said Nursi divides the types of knowledge into two, namely religious sciences and modern science (civilized sciences) in which there are natural sciences. The two are not separate. However, the idea of secularization of western civilization has separated these two types of science, so that there is no religious value in natural science, even keeping ideologies that are dissimilar to Islam such as naturalism, materialism and atheism in their ontological aspects. Second, for that Nursi eliminated these secular aspects with the method of criticism of reverse arguments and absurdities, then strengthened by design arguments. Third, in terms of verification and affirmation, Nursi introduced the concepts of mana-yi ismi and mana-yi harfi. Modern science only stops at mana-yi ismi; physical dimensions are very limited so that nature has no metaphysical meaning. Nursi built the Natural Science ontology with mana-yi harfi; where nature is meaningful when it comes to other dimensions. Through these arguments, Said Nursi views nature and science as a collection of signs of divine existence (sign of God), Asmaul Husna’s Manifestation (tajalliyāt), mighty books, and very beautiful works of art (work of art). Apart from that, nature has both ẓāhir and bāṭin aspects. Fourth, in the application of this concept to the education sector, Nursi founded Madrasatuz Zahra ‘with a curriculum that integrates this Islamic science with the sciences of diversity. Because science illuminates reason and diversity sciences illuminates the soul. Thus the findings of this study can strengthen the Islamization agenda of contemporary knowledge. Practical implication – The field of education seems to be one of the main things in applying Said Nursi’s thoughts about his idea of integrating Islam and science with the Madrasatuz Zahra ‘model. In terms of curriculum, it is necessary to combine religious and modern sciences. Educators and students must understand these two concepts and internalize them in all sides of learning. With this combination, the education of the Muslim community will experience revitalization and strengthening so that the glory of Islam is achieved as before. Of course, there are many concepts that can be extracted from Said Nursi that researchers can further study, for example the integration of epistemology, integration of axiology, the concept of the soul, the concept of reason and others.

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