Firmansyah, Halimatussa'diah (2012) DIVISION OF LABOR ACCORDING TO IBN KHALDUN'S AND ADAM SMITH'S THOUGHT (Comparative Studies). S1 Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Darussalam Gontor.

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Abstract

In producing the goods needed a number of activities. And those activities needed the equipments and skills of its worker. Through specialization and repetitions of operations this labor become skillful and can produce goods and service that has a high grade with a high speed. Through specialization and social cooperation, people's effort become multiple expansion. Seeing that the individual human cannot by himself obtain all the needs of life, so they must cooperate for that purpose. What is obtained through the cooperation is greater than what is obtained by individuals themselves. So that, division of labor and specialization is very important in economic growth, especially in increasing the product. The more specialization of labor the more quantity and quality of production, and finally the welfare of society level increases. Ibn Khaldun is the one of many prominent figures that told about division of labor. He was a great figure especially in economic level and known as the father of economic sciences. As well as Adam Smith, in his book entitled The Wealth of Nation, he contributed his thought about division of labor. And the aim of this research is to explain Ibn Khaldun's and Adam Smith's thought about division of labor, its role in quantity and quality of production, and also the welfare of nation. Inside also discussed about the similarities and differences between both of two prominent figures, Ibn Khaldun and Adam Smith in division of labor. This kind of research is literature research with using the historical sociologic approach. And data collection by using documentation method to explore the history life of Ibn Khaldun and Adam Smith also both thoughts in the concept of division of labor, from the collected data it was analyzed by using inductive method to conclude about the thought in division of labor. And the researcher analyzed using inductive and deductive method so analyzed by descriptive analysis method in order to take the final conclusion between Ibn Khaldun's and Adam Smith's concept of division of labor. This research concluded that Ibn Khaldun and Adam Smith at one opinion about division of labor, that it has important roles in economic growth, especially in increasing productivity. Division of labor is partitioning the tasks become separated and according with the certain skill. Everyone can do their jobs according with their talents and do the same work incessantly, so it will avoid the loss of time and it means more efficient. Ibn Khaldun not only presented division of labor through the history and philosophy, but also through society. Here is Adam Smith's lack. He only explained division of labor that the labor would do the job according to the skill without pointing out the social dimension of the cooperation and division of labor. But somehow, this humble research has many lacks, language aspect, consideration or content. Then, the researcher hopes there will be further research about Ibnu Khaldun or Adam Smith concerning division of labor or another idea perfectly and exhaustively.

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