Transnational crime in Indonesia is a growing and widespread threat, including human trafficking and drug smuggling as major cases that disrupt national and social security. This study aims to analyze the development of transnational crime prior to the implementation of Operation Maharlika III and to examine efforts to address this crime through this international joint operation. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach, with primary and secondary data obtained from official reports, operational documents, and interviews with relevant parties. Conflict resolution theory was used to understand the dynamics of joint problem solving between countries, while the concept of Maqashid Syariah became the normative basis that describes the protection of five basic aspects of life, namely religion, life, intellect, lineage, and property. The first finding showed that prior to Operation Maharlika III, transnational crime in Indonesia had increased rapidly with diverse modus operandi and networks that had expanded regionally. The second result revealed that Operation Maharlika III effectively improved coordination between institutions and countries, strengthened border surveillance, and uncovered transnational crime syndicates. This operation also featured the implementation of an integrated strategy that combined law enforcement, prevention, and victim rehabilitation, in line with the principles of justice and public interest. This study emphasizes the importance of inter-state synergy and a multidisciplinary approach in tackling transnational crime in order to maintain national and regional stability and security.