Ulfah Karimiyati, Hasanah (2024) THE EFFECT OF WATERMELON RIND EXTRACT (Citrullus lanatus) ON THE KIDNEY HISTOPATHOLOGY OF MALE WHITE RATS (Rattus norvegicus) INDUCED BY PARACETAMOL. S1 Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Darussalam Gontor.

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Abstract

The kidney is an organ vulnerable to the toxic effects of various drugs and chemicals. One typical case is toxicity due to the consumption of paracetamol. Therefore, it is crucial to provide compounds that protect the kidneys from toxic effects, such as phytochemical compounds derived from herbal plants like watermelon rind. Among other parts, watermelon rind has the highest known antioxidant activity, which can help repair kidney function damaged by paracetamol. This study explored the effect of watermelon rind extract (Citrullus lanatus) on kidney damage in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by paracetamol. This research is a laboratory experiment involving five treatment groups: NC given 0.5% CMC Na, K(-) given 250 mg paracetamol, and three extract groups given 250 mg paracetamol and watermelon rind extract with different concentrations P1 (200 mg), P2 (400 mg), and P3 (600 mg). Histopathological results show that the group given 200 mg of watermelon rind extract had lower damage levels than the negative control group and the other treatment groups. However, statistical analysis using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant difference (p-value > 0.05) in the histological appearance of the kidneys between the groups induced by paracetamol and given watermelon rind extract, with p-values of 0.068 and 0.076 for tubular and glomerular damage. Increasing the dose of watermelon rind extract was not found to provide additional protection against paracetamol-induced kidney damage, as the low concentration of the extract showed more effective results in protecting the kidneys. Further research is needed to explore watermelon rind extract's optimal dosage and duration.

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